Malaysian Police Officers Killed in Ambush

KUALA LUMPUR, Malaysia (AP) — Gunmen ambushed and killed five Malaysian policemen as fears mounted that armed intruders from the southern Philippines had slipped into at least three coastal districts on Borneo island, officials said Sunday.

Two of the attackers were also fatally shot Saturday night, escalating tensions in eastern Sabah state, where Malaysia's biggest security crisis in recent years began after about 200 members of a Philippine Muslim royal clan occupied a village last month to claim the territory as their own.

Security forces clashed with the clan members in the coastal area of Lahad Datu on Friday, leaving 12 Filipinos and two Malaysian police commandos dead.

The remaining clan members have refused to budge, while concerns have grown that other groups from the Philippines' restive southern provinces might enter Sabah, which shares a long and porous sea border with the Philippines that's difficult to patrol.

A police team was attacked late Saturday while inspecting a settlement in Semporna town, more than 150 kilometers (90 miles) from Lahad Datu, said national police chief Ismail Omar. Authorities were searching the area for more of the assailants.

Police are also investigating sightings of armed foreigners in military-style clothing in a third Sabah seaside district nearby, Ismail said.

It was not clear whether the groups in the three areas had links to each other.

The Filipinos who landed in Lahad Datu on Feb. 9 say ownership documents from the late 1800s prove the territory is theirs. They have rejected repeated calls from both the Malaysian and Philippine governments to leave Sabah, a short boat ride from the southern Philippines.

Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak said Saturday that the government would offer "no compromise — either they surrender or face the consequences if they refuse."

Police dropped leaflets by helicopter over the occupied village Saturday telling the Filipinos to give up, while the navy bolstered patrols in waters between Malaysia and the Philippines.

Three of the intruders tried to escape late Saturday and were caught, Ismail said, without elaborating.

Sabah's chief minister Musa Aman said the federal government has agreed to increase the size of the police and army force in Sabah.

The standoff has raised the Sabah territorial issue, a thorn in Philippine-Malaysian relations for decades, to a national security concern for both countries.

The crisis erupted during a delicate time in peace talks brokered by Malaysia between Manila and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front, the main Muslim rebel group in the southern Philippines.

Some Malaysians have voiced worries about whether tens of thousands of Philippine migrants living in Sabah, many undocumented workers, might sympathize with the Filipino group and cause unrest if they're angry with the government's reaction to the crisis.

The Lahad Datu group is led by a brother of Sultan Jamalul Kiram III of the southern Philippine province of Sulu.

In Manila, Jamalul Kiram III told reporters that he was worried the violence in Sabah might spread because many Filipinos, especially followers of his sultanate in the southern Philippine, are upset by the killing of their compatriots in Lahad Datu.

His daughter, Jacel, who is a sultanate princess, called on Filipinos to stay calm but stressed the sultanate would never back down from its struggle to reclaim Sabah.

"This concerns honor above life," she told reporters. "We will not retreat just like that, because we're fighting for something and our struggle is our right and the truth."

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AP writer Jim Gomez in Manila contributed to this report.

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Venezuelan Official Confirms Chávez Receiving Cancer Treatments

CARACAS, Venezuela — President Hugo Chávez is receiving chemotherapy or radiation treatments in the aftermath of his most recent cancer surgery, a government official said for the first time on Friday.

Mr. Chávez has not been seen and has not spoken in public since his Dec. 11 surgery in Havana, including after officials said he was flown back to Venezuela and installed in a military hospital here on Feb. 18. His long isolation has fueled speculation about the gravity of his illness.

The government has given only partial information about his condition, leaving Venezuelans playing a guessing game, trying to piece together a fuller picture from the scant details that are parceled out.

The new information adds to the recent description by the president’s son-in-law, Science and Technology Minister Jorge Arreaza, of Mr. Chávez’s treatment as “palliative,” which could indicate that doctors consider his cancer incurable and they are concentrating their efforts on reducing pain or slowing the progress of the disease.

On Friday Vice President Nicolás Maduro said that Mr. Chávez was undergoing “complementary treatments,” a phrase that officials had used previously without specifying what the treatments were.

But this time Mr. Maduro added, “You know what the complementary treatments are, don’t you? Well, the chemotherapy that they apply to the patient after an operation, as he went through chemotherapy and radiation therapy after the operations in 2011 and 2012.”

Speaking after a mass to inaugurate a small chapel erected near the military hospital where officials say Mr. Chávez is staying, he described the treatments as being hard and said that Mr. Chávez is in a “battle for his life” but in good spirits.

Mr. Arreaza, the son in law, did not say what he meant by the term palliative treatments. Medical experts not involved with Mr. Chávez’s care said chemotherapy or radiation could be used as palliative treatments for cancer, such as to slow down the growth of a tumor that is causing a patient pain.

“The definition of palliative treatment is that the cancer can’t be cured and one is treating only to make the person comfortable and relieve discomfort,” said Dr. Julio Pow-Sang, an oncologist at the Moffitt Cancer Center in Tampa, Fla.

Dr. Edward Greeno, an oncologist at the University of Minnesota said that palliative treatments can go on for an extended period, depending on the type of cancer.

“It doesn’t always mean the end is close,” Dr. Greeno said. “Sometimes you can keep things controlled for a long time. But it does mean that you’re not trying to get rid of the cancer or control the cancer but you are providing symptom control and maybe provide increased survival time.”

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Muay Thai Fighter Somluck Kamsing Returns to Home Ring

Rob Cox

Somluck Kamsing, right, fought Jomhod Kiatadisak last month in Bangkok as part of a string of comeback fights there.

BANGKOK — Before his Olympic gold medal, before his sponsorship deals, his movies and his music, Somluck Kamsing was one of thousands of young muay Thai fighters from Isan, Thailand’s poorest region.

“My family worked all day to be able to eat at night,” he said.

At a temple fair in their village, there was a small ring for muay Thai fights. Like many Isan men, Somluck’s father had been a fighter when he was young.

“My father put me in the ring, but I didn’t want to do it,” said Somluck, who was 7 or 8 at the time. “He hit me, so I had to fight.”

He won money, a trophy and his first fans. When Somluck walked around the village, people complimented his skill.

“I had a natural talent,” he said through an interpreter. “A gift from heaven.”

Local notice led to regional fame for the charismatic Somluck.

“I was a bet hunter,” he said. “I’d go from village to village fighting to earn money.”

Muay Thai is sustained by gamblers, who contribute to the atmosphere at matches but are more concerned with results than artistry. For others, muay Thai is a spectacle, and for a select few like Somluck, it is a way to a better life.

When he reached 15 and the minimum fighting weight, 100 pounds, he made his debut at the prestigious Lumpini Stadium here. As usual, the second and third tiers of the stadium, which holds 9,500 spectators, were full of bettors wiggling their raised fingers throughout the fights, indicating the changing odds of wagers among themselves.

Muay Thai, a sport closely linked to kickboxing that was adapted from hand-to-hand combat, is as known for intricate rituals like the prefight dance wai kru ram muay as for devastating elbow and knee strikes.

“Such a mixture of gentleness and violence is characteristic of the Thai people and their culture,” the Thai poet Montri Umavijani wrote.

Virat Vacirarattanawong, a Lumpini Stadium promoter, remembered watching the 15-year-old Somluck. “He was shining,” he said through an interpreter. “He had a kind of glamour about him. I didn’t know what it was, but I knew that he was not an ordinary boy.”

Thai fighters compete so frequently that they are usually considered veterans by age 27. But Kamsing, now 40, returned to the ring last fall and won. On Saturday, an American audience will get a chance to take the measure of Somluck when he faces Chike Lindsay in Pomona, Calif.

By the time Somluck was 18, he had competed in more than 200 bouts. Despite his ability, he never became a champion at Lumpini or at the smaller Rajadamnern Stadium, the nation’s other storied muay Thai arena. Somluck was considered such a prohibitive favorite that the big gamblers lost interest and the promoters did not want to risk their best prospects against him.

“I was out of a job,” he said. “I could not support myself.”

So Somluck switched to amateur boxing by refining the four striking tools of muay Thai — fists, feet, elbows and knees — into one. He approached matches the way he always did: before each fight, he paid respect to his amulet, which he believes protects him, and thought about his deceased father.

“The most important thing is I trust in myself,” he said. “I am a boxer. I have to believe that I can beat my opponent. For some of them I have to train, for some don’t. It is easy for me to read fighters.”

He was a success as a featherweight boxer. At 19, Somluck represented Thailand at the 1992 Olympics in Barcelona, Spain, and he won his nation’s first Olympic gold medal four years later. Some may remember Somluck as the boxer who bowed to each compass direction before his bouts at the 1996 Atlanta Games. In the final, he outpunched the Bulgarian Serafim Todorov, who had beaten 19-year-old Floyd Mayweather Jr. in the semifinals.

Somluck, then 23, returned from the Olympics a national hero. He had an audience with King Bhumibol Adulyadej. He received more than $1 million in bonuses from the government and his sponsors. “My life went from the earth to the stars,” he said. “I was famous. I was able to do advertising, movies, music, you name it. Everything changed.”

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European Union Agrees on Plan to Cap Banker Bonuses

BRUSSELS — Bankers in Europe face a cap on bonuses as early as next year, after an agreement on Thursday to introduce what would be the world’s strictest pay curbs in a move politicians hope will address public anger at financial-sector greed.

The provisional agreement, announced by diplomats and officials after late-night talks between E.U. member representatives and the bloc’s parliament, means bankers face an automatic cap that sets bonuses at the level of their salaries.

If a majority of a bank’s shareholders vote in favor, that ceiling can be raised to two times a banker’s pay.

“For the first time in the history of E.U. financial market regulation, we will cap bankers’ bonuses,” said Othmar Karas, the Austrian lawmaker who helped negotiate the deal.

The backing of a majority of E.U. states is needed for the deal to be finalized.

Such limits, which are set to enter E.U. law as part of a wider overhaul of capital rules to make banks safer, will be popular on a continent struggling to emerge from the ruins of a 2008 financial crisis.

But it represents a setback for the British government, which had long argued against such absolute limits. The City of London, the region’s financial capital, with 144,000 banking staff and many more in related jobs, will be hit hardest.

As it stands in draft legislation, the cap would also apply to bankers employed by an E.U. institution but based elsewhere globally, for instance in New York, according to one official, who was not authorized to speak to the media.

There are also provisions for adjusting the value of long-term non-cash payments, so more bonuses could be paid that way without breaking through the new ceiling.

Ireland, which holds the rotating E.U. presidency and negotiated what it called a “breakthrough,” will now present the agreement to E.U. countries.

Irish Finance Minister Michael Noonan said he would ask his peers to back it at an EU ministers’ meeting on March 5 in Brussels.

The change in the law is set to be introduced as part of a wider body of legislation demanding banks set aside roughly three times more capital and build up cash buffers to cover the risk of unpaid loans, for example.

Some experts have criticized the E.U., however, for failing to keep to all of the so-called Basel III code of capital standards drawn up by international regulators to reform banking after the financial crash.

The agreement on Thursday will also require banks to outline profits and other details of operations on a country-by-country basis.

A ceiling on bonuses, the only one of its kind globally, is perhaps the most radical aspect of the new rules.

Many in banking argue, however, that such reform will do little to lower pay in finance, where head-hunters say some annual packages in London approach £5 million, or about $7.6 million.

“If the cap is implemented, it could result in significantly more complex pay structures within banks as they try to fall outside the restrictions to remain competitive globally,” said Alex Beidas, a pay specialist with the law firm Linklaters.

An earlier attempt to limit bankers’ pay with an E.U. law forcing financiers to defer bonus payments for up to five years merely prompted lenders to increase base salaries. But it would be harder for banks to raise base pay this time around.

Hedge funds and private equity firms will be excluded from such curbs, although they face restrictions on pay later this year under another E.U. law.

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Asian-American Diversity in Potential California Race

Jim Wilson/The New York Times

Ro Khanna, a possible challenger to Representative Michael H. Honda, spoke at this rally in San Jose, Calif., against gun violence.

CUPERTINO, Calif. — Home to Apple, Google and other high-tech pioneers, the 17th Congressional District here recorded a political first in last fall’s elections, becoming the first majority Asian-American district in the mainland United States.

At the same time, voters sent candidates of Asian descent to the Legislature and to local city councils like the one here, where Asian-Americans account for 63 percent of the population.

The Congressional seat itself was easily retained by Michael M. Honda, a Democrat first elected in 2000 and one of the most influential Asian-Americans in Congress. A Japanese-American whose views on politics and civil rights were shaped by his internment during World War II, Mr. Honda, 71, helped build a network for Asian-American political aspirants here and served as a mentor to many.

But a possible challenge to Mr. Honda in 2014 — coming from Ro Khanna, 36, an Indian-American lawyer who served as a deputy assistant secretary in the Commerce Department and is a rising star in the Democratic Party — has already set off intense maneuvering inside the district. Even as Asian-Americans represent the nation’s fastest growing racial group, the attention focused on this potential contest underscores the diversity, and possibly emerging rivalries, among different Asian groups.

Mr. Khanna said he has yet to decide whether to run. Mr. Honda, perhaps in one of the earliest moves to fend off a potential challenge next year, recently secured the endorsements of President Obama, Representative Nancy Pelosi of California and other Democrats. The possible face-off has put many Asian-Americans here, especially Indian-Americans, in an awkward situation.

“I really appreciate what the congressman has done for the Asian-American community, and I have worked closely with him,” said Kamil Hasan, an Indian-American who has long been involved in the tech industry and the Democratic Party. “Ro Khanna would be a very strong candidate in whichever district he runs. The Indian community has wanted him to run for office for a long time.”

Mr. Hasan, who said he would not take a position until Mr. Khanna decided whether to run, has held fund-raisers for both Mr. Honda and Mr. Khanna.

California’s system of nonpartisan redistricting created the 17th Congressional District, where Asian-Americans total 51 percent of the population. Asian-American politicians and activists had long sought such a district from which to build power nationally.

Although the district includes parts of San Jose, suburbs like Cupertino, Milpitas and Fremont have the highest concentration of Asian-Americans, especially the most recent waves of immigrants, said James S. Lai, the director of ethnic studies at Santa Clara University. Institutions like the Silicon Valley Asian Pacific American Democratic Club remain under the leadership of more established groups like Japanese-Americans and Chinese-Americans. The San Jose airport, for example, is named after Norman Y. Mineta, the Japanese-American politician.

But newer Asian-American groups have begun exerting influence. Democrats and Republicans have especially courted Indian-Americans, many of whom work in Silicon Valley and have proved formidable fund-raisers.

“The question is what Asian Indians feel ideologically aligned with,” Mr. Lai said. “This election could be an example of whether Asian Indians see themselves along the lines of pan-Asian, progressive politics that are part of what Mike Honda stands for, or whether they will they go for his challenger’s politics, which are more conservative and pro-business.”

A teacher, Mr. Honda got his political start in 1971 when Mr. Mineta, as mayor of San Jose, appointed him to the planning commission. Mr. Honda rose steadily — from the school board to the Santa Clara County Board of Supervisors to the State Assembly — before being elected to Congress in 2000 in a district that had been represented by Mr. Mineta.

Ami Bera, an Indian-American physician elected to Congress last fall in a district near Sacramento, said he approached Mr. Honda for advice four years ago when he was considering running. Speaking after a panel on Asian-Americans and politics with Mr. Honda here recently, Mr. Bera said of the Asian-Americans serving in the House, “Each of us has our own unique story of how Mike took us under his wing, mentored us and then was out there probably the most active of any member of Congress helping us getting elected.”

Mr. Khanna has been laying the groundwork for a possible campaign by meeting influential people in the district and writing op-ed articles on subjects that resonate here, like American relations with Asia and manufacturing. Under California’s top-two primary system, Mr. Khanna and Mr. Honda, both Democrats, could end up facing each other in a general election.

This article has been revised to reflect the following correction:

Correction: February 27, 2013

Due to an editing error, a photo caption with an earlier version of this article mistakenly said that both Representative Mike Honda and his possible challenger, Ro Khannaand, were at a rally against gun violence. Mr. Khannaand spoke at the rally, but Mr. Honda did not attend.

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Gaza Militants Fire Rocket Into Israel, Police Say

JERUSALEM (AP) — A rocket fired from the Gaza Strip struck Israel on Tuesday as tensions are mounting in the region weeks ahead of President Barack Obama's visit.

Police spokesman Micky Rosenfeld said remains of the rocket were found south of the city of Ashkelon, in southern Israel. The attack caused damage to a road but no injuries, he said. It was the first such projectile from the Palestinian territory to hit Israel since Israel-Gaza hostilities last November.

The rocket fire came one day after Israeli troops injured two Palestinian teenagers near a holy site close to Bethlehem, during one of the many demonstrations Palestinians in the West Bank have staged in recent days.

Initially, West Bank street protests broke out in support of Palestinians held in Israeli jails, particularly in support of four inmates on lengthy hunger strikes. Then, over the weekend, a Palestinian prisoner who was not on hunger strike died under disputed circumstances, prompting more demonstrations.

Israeli and Palestinian officials have traded barbs, each side saying the other is trying to exploit the latest unrest for political gains.

A statement from the Palestinian president's office said President Mahmoud Abbas instructed Palestinian security officials Monday night to preserve security and order in the West Bank, but placed the blame on Israel for "dragging the area into violence and chaos."

Adnan Damiri, the spokesman of the Palestinian security apparatus, said Palestinian officials were committed to prevent fighting, saying that his forces had recently detained members of the militant Hamas group who were planning "violent confrontations."

"The only one(s) seeking violence in West Bank is Netanyahu and Hamas, but we will not be dragged to that," said Damiri. "Our struggle will always be peaceful."

The clashes come weeks before Obama is scheduled to arrive in Israel and the West Bank, his first presidential visit to the region. U.S. State Department spokesman Patrick Ventrell said the U.S. has asked Israeli and Palestinian officials to exercise "maximum restraint" at this time of high tension in the West Bank.

"All parties should seriously consider the consequences of their actions, particularly at this very difficult moment," Ventrell said Monday.

An Israeli military official, speaking on condition of anonymity in line with military policy, said protestors gathered Monday and hurled "improvised hand grenades" towards a holy site in the Bethlehem area, endangering Israeli worshippers inside.

Soldiers responded by firing at the legs of a Palestinian throwing grenades, lightly wounding him. Later, soldiers fired rubber bullets at demonstrators, seriously injuring one Palestinian who was then rushed to an Israeli hospital, the official said.

Palestinian medical officials said two Palestinian youths, one 13 years old and one 16, were seriously wounded by live fire. Palestinian medic Abdelhaleem Jaarah said the 16-year-old, Odai Sarhan, was hit in the head and rushed to Hadassah hospital in Jerusalem.

Etti Dvir, spokeswoman for Hadassah hospital in Jerusalem, said doctors operated overnight on the boy and that he was in critical condition.

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Fashion Review: Sleeves and Straps Are Barely There at Oscars

Sleeves were in short supply and straps were so unrepresented on dresses at the Oscars on Sunday night that they might as well have been outlawed. But hold the envelope a moment: The verdict on this year’s red carpet is not all that bad. At least it wasn’t the usual monotonous parade of princess dresses.

Josh Haner/The New York Times

Anne Hathaway on the red carpet.

It was shocking in a way to see fashion like the dress worn by Anne Hathaway. Her last-moment choice was a pale pink dress that appeared to have been styled after a household apron, as potent a symbol of feminine repression as ever there was. Only the dress, made by Miuccia Prada with a loosely tied back, featured a bodice that was intentionally subversive. The seams along the bust were so sexually suggestive that many viewers at home believed they were seeing part of Ms. Hathaway’s anatomy.

“I didn’t know what I was wearing until about three hours ago,” Ms. Hathaway said on the red carpet, and that would have been around the time that Valentino sent out a news release announcing that she would be dressed in one of its couture gowns. Ms. Hathaway evidently changed her mind, and one would like to imagine it as a sign of independence from the pull of Big Fashion. She also wore a Tiffany & Company necklace worth a half-million dollars, but she wore it backward.

Anyone who pays the slightest attention to fashion knows the rap on actresses who wear clothes from the designers with whom they have big advertising contracts. And though you could still detect the pull of special interests on the red carpet, there was less of a sense that actors were complicit billboards.

It was no surprise when Jennifer Lawrence, the new face of Miss Dior handbags, appeared in a Dior Haute Couture dress, the palest of pinks with a modernized ball gown shape. It was her third major awards appearance in that label. But this was the best example yet of how the house’s new look, by the designer Raf Simons, could be worn in reality, which is to say beautifully, but not without difficulty. The skirt of the gown was so big that Ms. Lawrence couldn’t reach the mani-cam on E! network.

While strapless designs still ruled the night, it wasn’t all the same old, same old. There was that weird moment, for example, when Helen Hunt said she was wearing a strapless dress by the Swedish fast-fashion retailer H&M, not that the trend hasn’t had a while to settle down into the mainstream. It seems unlikely, anyway, that Ms. Hunt just dashed in and picked a great-looking, on-trend dress off the rack. But let’s not forget that Sharon Stone wore a Gap top out of her closet back in 1996.

There were plenty of microtrends for retailers to chew over, like the gunmetal colors and metallic beads. (Nicole Kidman in a swell L’Wren Scott, Naomi Watts in that extraterrestrial silver Armani and Catherine Zeta-Jones in campy gold Zuhair Murad.) Also, even though seen only in two examples — Ms. Hathaway’s Tiffany rocks and a long, delicate Chopard chain worn by Ms. Lawrence — backward-hanging necklaces are likely to become a thing.

There is no valid argument to be made against the old Hollywood strapless gowns worn by Jessica Chastain (a custom Giorgio Armani in coppery textured satin) or Reese Witherspoon (navy Louis Vuitton with a smart bow). But were not the dresses with sleeves more interesting, more, how shall we say, new Hollywood?

Jane Fonda, in a brilliant yellow Versace number that covered almost everything but a peekaboo cutout on the back, will most certainly wind up on the best-dressed lists, along with Sally Field in a red pleated chiffon Valentino couture dress with a long train.

And the pointed shoulders of Halle Berry’s heavily beaded Art Deco gown might have been a little severe, but it was nice to hear that Ms. Berry had told its designer, Donatella Versace, that she wanted to go to the Oscars dressed as a Bond Girl, and long sleeves were part of the result.

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Political Memo: Fault-Finding Grows Intense as Cuts Near

WASHINGTON — First the White House and Congress created a potential fiscal crisis, agreeing more than a year ago to once-unthinkable governmentwide spending cuts in 2013 unless the two parties agreed to alternative ways to reduce budget deficits.

Now that those cuts are imminent — because compromise is not — they have created one of Washington’s odder blame games over just whose bad idea this was.

The battle lines over cuts that are scheduled to begin on Friday, known in budget parlance as sequestration, were evident on Saturday in President Obama’s weekly address and the Republican response, by Senator John Hoeven of North Dakota.

“Unfortunately, it appears that Republicans in Congress have decided that instead of compromising, instead of asking anything of the wealthiest Americans, they would rather let these cuts fall squarely on the middle class,” said Mr. Obama, who proposed a substitute mix of spending cuts and revenues from repealing some tax breaks for wealthy people and corporations.

He added: “Are Republicans in Congress really willing to let these cuts fall on our kids’ schools and mental health care just to protect tax loopholes for corporate jet owners? Are they really willing to slash military health care and the Border Patrol just because they refuse to eliminate tax breaks for big oil companies?”

For Republicans, who oppose any tax increases, Mr. Hoeven countered: “He blames Congress for the sequester, but Bob Woodward, in his book ‘The Price of Politics’ sets the record straight. Woodward says it was President Obama who proposed — and promoted — the sequester.”

What makes this debate over blame so odd is that both sides’ fingerprints — and votes — are all over the sequestration concept. The point of sequestration, in fact, was to define cuts that were so arbitrary and widespread that they would be unpalatable to both sides and force a deal.

That won Republicans’ support for increasing the government’s debt limit in 2011, and averted the nation’s first default. The Republican-led House and Democratic-led Senate each passed the accord overwhelmingly, and Mr. Obama gladly signed it.

The idea for sequestration did come from the White House, as news accounts made clear at the time. Jacob J. Lew, then Mr. Obama’s budget director and now his nominee for Treasury secretary, was the main proponent.

Mr. Lew, who was a senior adviser to the House speaker in the 1980s, lifted language from a 1985 law he helped negotiate, the Gramm-Rudman law. It was conceived by two Republican senators to be “a sword of Damocles,” poised to strike both parties unless they compromised on deficit reduction.

The law was ruled unconstitutional, and afterward, the Democratic-controlled Congress and President Ronald Reagan enacted a modified version, which resulted in relatively minor cuts until 1990. That year, the law’s call for much larger cuts in the face of growing deficits helped force Congress and President George Bush to negotiate spending cuts and tax increases widely credited with contributing to balanced budgets later that decade.

Fast-forward to the summer of 2011. Mr. Obama and Congressional Republicans, once again facing deficits, were able to agree to nearly $1 trillion in reductions over a decade in “discretionary” spending programs, which cover just about everything the government does except the entitlement benefit programs like Medicare, Medicaid and Social Security.

But they could not agree on the final $1.2 trillion. The president demanded that that amount come from higher taxes on the wealthy and some reductions in entitlement spending. Republicans insisted on entitlement cuts only.

So both parties started negotiating for a trigger, as they called it — an undesirable, automatic action that would slash deficits if Democrats and Republicans could not. Mr. Obama and Democrats wanted a trigger mandating automatic spending cuts and tax increases; Republicans insisted on spending cuts only.

Democrats conceded, and that is when Mr. Lew — along with Gene Sperling, director of Mr. Obama’s National Economic Council — proposed the Gramm-Rudman sequestration. Given that law’s Republican parentage, the Obama advisers figured this kind of trigger would appeal to Republicans, and it did.

Speaker John A. Boehner and three-quarters of House Republicans voted for the agreement. To use Mr. Hoeven’s word, both parties “promoted” their compromise, including sequestration. Mr. Boehner said he had gotten “98 percent” of what he wanted.

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Iraq President’s Health Is Improving, Doctor Says

KIRKUK, Iraq (Reuters) - Iraqi President Jalal Talabani is now able to talk, his doctor said, adding he was hopeful the Kurdish statesman would soon be fit to return to Iraq from Germany, where he has been receiving medical treatment for a stroke.

A peace-maker who often mediated among Iraq's Shi'ite, Sunni and Kurdish factions, 79-year-old Talabani was flown abroad in December in critical condition.

"I am in continuous contact with the German team treating President Talabani," said Najmaldin Karim, who is also governor of the city of Kirkuk.

"He can talk now with the people around him and started to think in a good way. I and the German team are optimistic that he will get much better and can return back to Iraq soon."

During Talabani's absence, Iraq's political crisis has intensified, with thousands of Sunni Muslims taking to the streets in protest against the Shi'ite-led government

The veteran politician often worked to ease tensions in the country's fragile power-sharing government and negotiated between Baghdad and the autonomous Kurdistan region, which are locked in feud over land and oil rights.

(Writing by Isabel Coles; Editing by Nick Macfie)

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Pistorius Returns to Bail Hearing

PRETORIA, South Africa — Oscar Pistorius, the double amputee track star accused of murdering his girlfriend, returned to court on Friday for the fourth straight day of hearings about whether he should be granted bail in a case that has riveted the nation.

News reports said he slipped into the courthouse, his head covered by a jacket, some time before the start of hearings that have packed the courtroom with a scrum of journalists alongside legal teams, family members and onlookers. He took his place on Friday to a clatter of photographers’ cameras. In the latest in a series of abrupt twists in the affair on Thursday, the South African police replaced the lead investigator after revelations that he was facing seven charges of attempted murder stemming from an episode in which police officers fired at a minivan.

After widespread news reports about the charges, Gerrie Nel, the prosecutor, said at the start of a hearing on Thursday that he had just learned about them. The national police commissioner, Riah Phiyega, said later that a divisional police commissioner, Lt. Gen. Vinesh Moonoo, would be assigned to preside over “this very important investigation.” The change was announced a day after the original lead investigator, Detective Warrant Officer Hilton Botha, acknowledged several mistakes in the police work and conceded that, based on the existing evidence, he could not rule out the version of events presented by Mr. Pistorius.

The prosecution says Mr. Pistorius committed the premeditated murder of Reeva Steenkamp, a 29-year-old model and law graduate, when he fired four shots through a locked bathroom door while she was on the other side in the early hours of Feb. 14.

With his head bowed as he entered the court on Friday, Mr. Pistorius appeared to be struggling to hold back tears, his jaw clenched, the prosecutor, described Ms. Steenkamp’s plight that morning.

“I am not saying the planning of the murder of Reeva Steenkamp happened weeks ahead, days ahead,” Mr. Nel said. “I am saying the planning to kill Reeva Steenkamp happened that night.”

Ms. Steenkamp took refuge in the bathroom either to escape a fight or a gun, he said. The prosecution is seeking to persuade the magistrate, Desmond Nair, to deny the sprinter’s application be released on bail until a full trial, arguing that he might flee.

Mr. Pistorius has said that he opened fire believing there was an intruder in his home, in a gated community in Pretoria, and that he had no intention of killing Ms. Steenkamp, 29, a model and law school graduate.

On Thursday, Mr. Nel labeled Mr. Pistorius’s account “improbable.”

“What we can’t forget is the applicant is charged with murdering a defenseless, innocent woman,” Mr. Nel said.

Mr. Pistorius has said that he did not realize Ms. Steenkamp was no longer in bed as he rose to check for an intruder, shouting to her to call the police.

“You want to protect her, but you don’t even look at her?” Mr. Nel said on Thursday. “You don’t even ask, ‘Reeva, are you all right?’ 

On Thursday, a police brigadier, Neville Malila, told reporters that Detective Botha was scheduled to appear in court in May on the attempted murder charges in connection with an episode in which Mr. Botha and two other police officers fired at a minivan.

“Botha and two other policemen allegedly tried to stop a minibus taxi with seven people,” Brigadier Malila said. “They fired shots.” While the charges were initially dropped, “we were informed yesterday that the charges will be reinstated,” he said.

Medupe Simasiku, a spokesman for the National Prosecuting Authority, told reporters that the decision to reinstate the charges was made on Feb. 4, long before Ms. Steenkamp was killed.

Lydia Polgreen reported from Pretoria, South Africa, and Alan Cowell from London.

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Vleteren Journal: Cult Beer Westvleteren 12 Gives Belgian Town a Lift

Jock Fistick for The New York Times

A bar near St. Sixtus, where monks make Westvleteren 12, rated by some as the world’s best.

VLETEREN, Belgium — On the face of it, this quaint Belgian town has few attractions — a charming brick parish church; a tall wooden windmill at the town’s main intersection. But it has the world’s best beer.

In the past few years, several Web sites that ask beer drinkers to rate their favorite brews have accorded that honor to a strong, dark local brew known as Westvleteren 12. In fact, the enthusiastic American Web site RateBeer.com gave the beer the honor two years in a row, dethroning a Swedish dark beer, Närke Kaggen Stormaktsporter.

Yet the people of Vleteren, population 3,700, have mixed feelings. The beer has been brewed for a century and a half by the Trappist monks of a local abbey, St. Sixtus, nestled in farmlands on the edge of town. Clearly, its newfound fame has given a lift to the local economy, benefiting restaurants, bed-and-breakfasts, and local shops that cater to pilgrims and tourists flocking to the abbey for the rich, brown-hued brew.

“It’s very good for us,” said Stephan Mourisse, 46, a notary who is the town’s part-time mayor. “We don’t need to advertise, our bed-and-breakfasts are always full, full, full because of the beer.”

A dozen years back, he said, if you wanted Westvleteren 12 you just drove out to St. Sixtus and bought some. Now, he said, in nice weather the line of cars waiting to buy the beer can stretch for three miles.

The pick-me-up for the local economy could not come at a better time, with Belgium feeling the recession afflicting all of Europe. Out in Liège, in the east, a major steel works announced in January that it was laying off 1,300 people; a month earlier, Ford said it would close a car plant in nearby Genk, affecting as many as 10,000 jobs.

Yet beer, for the moment, keeps little Vleteren nicely afloat.

In recent years a second microbrewery has sprung up, perhaps inspired by the monks. In 2005, several local people who ran an ostrich farm began producing a dark beer of the strong 12 percent type similar to what the monks brew. Now, demand for their dark strong ales and stouts, branded as De Struise — Dutch for the ostrich — is so great that the company is expanding into a disused school building.

Urbain Coutteau, 51, the fledgling brewery’s brew master, leads a visitor through a warehouse of used oak casks, some from Kentucky that once stored bourbon and others from wine-growing regions of France, that are now used for aging the beer. The monks of St. Sixtus, he says, are not competitors. “I regard them as holy colleagues, that’s just the word,” he said. “If I want to visit them, I just go out there; we have a good relationship, we respect each other.”

Beer, he said, is lifting everyone’s economic boat. “Lots of pilgrims come,” he said. “They have to eat, sleep, they don’t go back the same day.” They visit other breweries, like nearby St. Bernardus, he said, or the war graves that abound in this region, Flanders Fields, where major battles of World War I were fought.

Yet, if De Struise is growing, what lifts the desirability of the monks’ Westvleteren 12 is their strict refusal to increase production beyond the roughly 130,000 gallons they have maintained for more than 60 years, or to supply stores and pubs in the region for sale. Forget exports. Only once, last year, did they have a sales drive abroad, even shipping the beer to the United States, where a six-pack sold for $85. But that was to finance reconstruction of the abbey buildings, completed late last year, which were in sore disrepair.

Westvleteren’s popularity has created jobs, albeit a modest number. Six laymen work in the abbey, including five in the brewery, and another dozen or so in a restaurant and gift shop near the abbey gate. Yet the monks, all 21 of them, insist they are first and foremost men of God, not beer salesmen.

“Many people benefit” from Westvleteren’s success, said Mark Bode, a layman who has worked for the monks for 10 years, and now functions as a kind of spokesman. “It gives the village its profile.”

This article has been revised to reflect the following correction:

Correction: February 21, 2013

Due to an editing error, a web summary that appeared with an earlier version of this article misspelled the name of the town in Belgium where Westvleteren 12 is brewed. It is Vleteren, not Bleteren.

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Bulgarian Government Is Reported Set to Resign

The government of Bulgaria will resign Wednesday afternoon following a week of sometimes violent protests, Prime Minister Boyko Borisov said in a surprise announcement to Parliament. "The people gave us power and today we are returning it," he said, according to local news reports.

The mass protests were triggered by electricity price increases and corruption scandals, including one over the nominee to head the state electricity regulatory commission, which sets rates. She was alleged to have sold cigarettes illegally online and her nomination was later withdrawn.

Protests in cities around the country on Sunday night were believed to be the biggest the country had seen in 16 years.

Trying to appease the protesters, the prime minister said Tuesday that the license of the Czech utility CEZ, which provides power to many residential customers in Bulgaria, would be withdrawn.

Opposition political parties had been attempting to exploit public anger over the government’s austerity measures as general elections planned for July approached. They are now likely to be held earlier.

Mr. Borisov citied beatings of protesters Tuesday by the police as one reason for his decision.

"Every drop of blood for us is a stain," he said. "I can’t look at a Parliament surrounded by barricades, that’s not our goal, neither our approach, if we have to protect ourselves from the people."

Mr. Borisov said he would not participate in an interim government.

After the announcement, members of his party left Parliament and the speaker called a recess because of the lack of a quorum.

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Pistorius Returns to Court Seeking Bail on Murder Charge

PRETORIA, South Africa — Prosecutors accused Oscar Pistorius, the double amputee track star, of premeditated murder on Tuesday, saying he opened fire four times on his girlfriend through a closed bathroom door after putting on his prosthetic legs and walking more than 20 feet from a bedroom.

Prosecutor Gerrie Nel said Reeva Steenkamp, the victim, had been in a tiny room measuring roughly 16 square feet. “It must have been horrific,” he said.

But a lawyer acting for Mr. Pistorius, Barry Roux, said the defense would “submit that this is not a murder.” He said there was no evidence that Mr. Pistorius, 26, and Ms. Steenkamp, 29, had fought and there was no evidence of a motive.

Mr. Pistorius returned to a Pretoria courtroom on Tuesday to seek bail — a step police officials have said they will oppose. It was his second appearance before the same court.

Ms. Steenkamp’s funeral was scheduled for later on Tuesday in the southern coastal city of Port Elizabeth, her hometown.

The police arrived at Mr. Pistorius’s house in a gated community in Pretoria early last Thursday to find Ms. Steenkamp dead from gunshot wounds. Mr. Pistorius, who ran on carbon-fiber blades that earned him the nickname of Blade Runner, has disputed the charge against him.

Early news reports in South Africa said that Mr. Pistorius, a gun enthusiast, had accidentally shot his girlfriend, thinking she was an intruder. But those suggestions gave way to grim police accounts of previous law enforcement complaints about domestic episodes at his home and the charge of premeditated murder.

The development stunned a nation that had elevated Mr. Pistorius as an emblem of the ability to overcome acute adversity and a symbol of South Africa’s ability to project its achievements onto the world stage.

During his first court appearance on Friday, Mr. Pistorius did not enter a formal plea. But a statement released by his agent said that he disputed the charge of premeditated murder “in the strongest terms” and that “our thoughts and prayers today should be” for Ms. Steenkamp, and her family, “regardless of the circumstances of this terrible, terrible tragedy.”

If convicted, Mr. Pistorius would face a mandatory life sentence, though under South African law he would be eligible for parole in 25 years at the latest. South Africa abolished the death penalty in 1995.

Mr. Pistorius was born without fibula bones and both of his legs were amputated below the knee as an infant. But he became a Paralympic champion and became the first Paralympic sprinter to compete against able-bodied athletes at the 2012 London Olympics.

His triumphs made him a global track star but the case has forced him with cancel forthcoming events. Several companies have withdrawn lucrative sponsorships and his case has played into an emotional debate in South Africa about violence against women.

Members of the Women’s League of the ruling African National Congress protested outside the building, waving placards saying: “No Bail for Pistorius,” Reuters reported.

Lydia Polgreen reported from Pretoria, South Africa, and Alan Cowell from London.

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Killing Off TV Characters Carries Risk

The shocking ending of this season’s “Downton Abbey” — shocking at least for those who managed to avoid the news when the finale was shown in Britain in December — most likely left thousands of the show’s fans mourning the loss of a beloved character and angry with the show’s creators for erasing him from their lives.

The plot twist, though, was just the latest in a long tradition of television character assassinations, many of which have elicited reactions of shock, pain, sorrow, fury and sometimes laughter from devoted watchers. “Downton’s” leading man, Matthew Crawley, played by Dan Stevens, left the series in a screech of tires on a country road on Sunday, never to return. That is, unless, some other character, perhaps his beloved Mary, steps into a shower at some future time and declares that his death was all a dream. That, of course, was the infamous solution employed by the venerable television family saga “Dallas” in the ill-conceived decision to kill off a central character, Bobby Ewing, in 1985.

Generally, though, the decision to terminate a television character means there is no going back. And while many show creators say the decision to kill off a popular character carries a risk, potentially alienating viewers, in almost every case shows survive. They often thrive, the producers say, because shaking up viewers is almost always a good thing.

The death of Matthew in “Downton” recalls many other plot developments that have taken place in the middle of successful television runs, like the heart-tugging death in 1998 of Bobby Simone, the character played by Jimmy Smits in “NYPD Blue.”

But some deaths have taken place on shows as little recalled as the comedy “The Hogan Family,” which changed names mid-run from “Valerie” after the series lead, Valerie Harper, staged a salary protest. (Her character died, like Matthew, of an auto accident.)

As happened in “Downton,” a character’s exit is often driven by an actor’s decision to pursue other artistic challenges or bigger paychecks. The latter was the case with the demise of Lt. Col. Henry Blake, the character played by McLean Stevenson for the first three seasons of “M*A*S*H” on CBS.

After Stevenson signed a contract with NBC, the “M*A*S*H” producers gave Colonel Blake a send-off episode, in which he said his goodbyes and flew away. Even the cast (other than the star Alan Alda) didn’t know a coda scene would be added, to deliver the news that the colonel had gone down in a plane crash.

Stevenson’s career went with it. His character’s death stirred hostile reactions not only from the fans, who poured in angry letters, but also from CBS, which wasn’t happy its hit comedy had broken viewer’s hearts.

Today, thanks to the Internet and social media, audiences have more immediate ways to voice their fury. When the ABC drama “Lost” had a core character, Charlie, played by Dominic Monaghan, drown trying to save his friends, the show’s top producers were inundated with protests.

“People were really angry,” said Carlton Cuse, who with Damon Lindelof, was a main creative voice on the show. “They proceeded to blast the heck out of Damon and me for this woefully misguided decision. We thought people would be shocked, but we were unprepared for that level of anger.”

Mr. Cuse noted the unexpected extinguishing of characters is a growing — and mostly welcome — trend.  “If you watch ‘CSI Miami’ and someone puts a gun to David Caruso’s head, you know he’s not going to be shot,” he said. In recent years, especially on cable dramas, writers are more willing to blow up such conventions. “Now I think people are reaching further narratively, and maybe those shots of adrenaline are not as unusual as they were in the past,”  Mr. Cuse said, pointing out that “The Walking Dead” on AMC kills off familiar characters almost routinely. “These moments are really good for television, because as a storyteller you want to attack and break up those conventions the audience has in their minds.”

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Millionaire Stanley Marsh 3 Settles Abuse Lawsuit

AMARILLO, Texas (AP) — Stanley Marsh 3, an eccentric millionaire artist best known for his Cadillac Ranch art display along an interstate highway in the Texas Panhandle, has settled lawsuits from 10 teenagers who said he paid them for sex acts, lawyers for both sides announced Saturday.

In a prepared statement, the plaintiffs’ lawyer, Anthony Buzbee, and Mr. Marsh’s lawyer, Kelly Utsinger, said the teenagers and Mr. Marsh have resolved their differences and that no side would comment further. The statement was obtained by The Amarillo Globe-News.

Mr. Marsh had a stroke in 2011 and his wife, Gwendolyn Marsh, was later appointed as his guardian.

Mr. Marsh also faces six counts of sexual assault and five counts of sexual performance of a child. The charges accuse the 75-year-old millionaire and artist of molesting a 15-year-old boy and a 16-year-old boy in 2010. Mr. Marsh surrendered to the authorities in November and is free on $300,000 bail. If convicted, he faces up to 20 years in prison per count and fines of up to $10,000. His lawyers have denied the charges.

The civil suits accused Mr. Marsh of giving the teenagers cash, alcohol, drugs and, in one case, two BMWs, to perform sex acts with him at his office. One of the teenagers said he had more than 100 sexual encounters with Mr. Marsh in his office and at his home in Amarillo.

When Mr. Marsh was arrested last year, his lawyers issued a statement saying the charges were “mere allegations by the group of accusers who have filed a barrage of civil lawsuits against Marsh seeking millions of dollars.” The Amarillo police said they found evidence during their search of Mr. Marsh’s offices that corroborated “the accounts of sexual exploitation of minors.” Police seized 70 envelopes of blue pills, confidentiality agreements, two computers, couch cushion covers and a photo of a nude male, according to a search warrant inventory. Also found were 11 copies of blank or unsigned “release and waiver” documents in Mr. Marsh’s private office, according to a police inventory.

In 1998, Mr. Marsh pleaded no contest to misdemeanor charges of unlawful restraint and criminal trespassing as part of an agreement that dismissed five felony charges that included kidnapping, aggravated assault with a deadly weapon and indecency with a child. He served 10 days in jail and paid $4,000 in fines.

Mr. Marsh is best known for planting 10 brightly painted Cadillacs nose down along Interstate 40 in the 1970s. The cars have become a pop art landmark.

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Supreme Court to Hear Monsanto Seed Patent Case

Aaron P. Bernstein for The New York Times

Vernon Hugh Bowman, an Indiana farmer, is challenging Monsanto, the world's largest seed company, over genetically modified crops.

With his mere 300 acres of soybeans, corn and wheat, Vernon Hugh Bowman said, “I’m not even big enough to be called a farmer.”

Yet the 75-year-old farmer from southwestern Indiana will face off Tuesday against the world’s largest seed company, Monsanto, in a Supreme Court case that could have a huge impact on the future of genetically modified crops, and also affect other fields from medical research to software.

At stake in Mr. Bowman’s case is whether patents on seeds — or other things that can self-replicate — extend beyond the first generation of the products.

It is one of two cases before the Supreme Court related to the patenting of living organisms, a practice that has helped give rise to the biotechnology industry but which critics have long considered immoral. The other case, involving a breast cancer risk test from Myriad Genetics, will determine whether human genes can be patented. It is scheduled to be heard April 15.

Monsanto says that a victory for Mr. Bowman would allow farmers to essentially save seeds from one year’s crop to plant the next year, eviscerating patent protection. In Mr. Bowman’s part of Indiana, it says, a single acre of soybeans can produce enough seeds to plant 26 acres the next year.

Such a ruling would “devastate innovation in biotechnology,” the company wrote in its brief. “Investors are unlikely to make such investments if they cannot prevent purchasers of living organisms containing their invention from using them to produce unlimited copies.”

The decision might also apply to live vaccines, cell lines and DNA used for research or medical treatment, and some types of nanotechnology.

Many organizations have filed briefs in support of Monsanto’s position — universities worried about incentives for research, makers of laboratory instruments and some big farmer groups like the American Soybean Association, which say seed patents have spurred crop improvements. The Justice Department is also supporting Monsanto’s argument.

BSA/The Software Alliance, which represents companies like Apple and Microsoft, said in a brief that a decision against Monsanto might “facilitate software piracy on a broad scale” because software can be easily replicated. But it also said that a decision that goes too far the other way could make nuisance software patent infringement lawsuits too easy to file.

Some critics of biotechnology say that a victory for Mr. Bowman could weaken what they see as a stranglehold that Monsanto and some other big biotech companies have over farmers, which they say has led to rising seed prices and the lack of high-yielding varieties that are not genetically engineered.

Patents have “given seed companies enormous power, and it’s come at the detriment of farmers,” said Bill Freese, science policy analyst for the Center for Food Safety, which was an author of a brief on the side of Mr. Bowman. “Seed-saving would act as a much needed restraint on skyrocketing biotech seed prices.”

Farmers who plant seeds with Monsanto’s technology must sign an agreement not to save the seeds, which means they must buy new seeds every year.

Monsanto has a reputation for vigorously protecting its intellectual property.

The Center for Food Safety, which has tracked the cases, said Monsanto had filed more than 140 patent infringement lawsuits involving 410 farmers and 56 small farm businesses, and had so far received $23.67 million in recorded judgments. The center says there are many other cases in which farmers settled out of court or before a suit was filed.

Monsanto says it must stop infringers to be fair to the large majority of farmers who do pay to use its technology.

But Monsanto typically exercises no control over soybeans or corn once farmers sell their harvested crops to grain elevators, which in turn sell them for animal feed, food processing or industrial use.

Mr. Bowman said that for his main soybean crop, he honored Monsanto’s agreement, buying new seeds each year containing the Roundup Ready gene, which makes the plants immune to the herbicide Roundup. That technology is hugely popular, used in more than 90 percent of the nation’s soybeans, because it allows farmers to spray fields to kill weeds without hurting the crop.

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Meteorite Fragments Are Said to Rain Down on Siberia; 400 Injuries Reported

MOSCOW – A shower of falling objects, tentatively identified as fragments of a meteorite, was reported in Siberia early on Friday, damaging buildings across a vast swath of territory. More than 400 people were reported to have been injured, most from breaking glass.

But four hours after the objects fell to earth, emergency officials had reported no deaths.

Yelena Smirnykh, a spokeswoman for the Ministry of Emergency Situations, told Ekho Moskvy radio that she believed the meteorite broke apart and fell in several places. Another government expert, who spoke to Moscow FM radio station, said he believed it may have been a bolide, a type of fireball meteor that explodes in the earth’s atmosphere because of its composition or angle of entry and can be observed from the ground.

However, the governor of the Ural region reported that a search team had found an impact crater on the outskirts of a city about 50 miles west of Chelyabinsk, which would indicate the meteor did not explode in the atmosphere. Several fragments were also reported to have hit the earth around the city of Satka.

Dozens of amateur videos of the event were broadcast on Friday morning. They showed bright objects streaking through a clear morning sky, leaving a thick trail of white vapor.

Video clips from the city of Chelyabinsk showed an early morning sky illuminated by a brilliant flash, followed by the sound of breaking glass and multiple car alarms apparently triggered by the impact, which was powerful enough to shatter dishes and televisions inside people’s homes.

Dozens of amateur videos of the event were broadcast on Friday morning. They showed bright objects streaking through a clear morning sky, leaving a thick trail of white vapor.

“I saw a flash in the window, turned toward it and saw a burning cloud, which was surrounded by smoke and was going downward – it reminded me of what you see after an explosion,” said Maria Polyakova, 25, head of reception at the Park-City Hotel in Chelyabinsk.

She said the explosion occurred shortly thereafter, shattering the thick glass doors on the hotel’s first floor. She said the hotel was evacuated, but that there was no panic. Emergency officials in Chelyabinsk reported that at least four people were injured by broken glass at a school, according to the Interfax news agency. Authorities said windows facing the point of impact broke throughout the city.

“Now we have many calls about trauma, cuts and bruises,” Igor Murog, a deputy governor of the Ural region, told Interfax.

A video made outside a building in Chelyabinsk captured a blast strong enough to break windows far from the point of impact and the astonished voices of witnesses who were uncertain what it was they had just seen.

“Maybe it was a rocket,” said one man, who rushed outside onto the street along with his co-workers when the object hit, far out of sight. A man named Artyom, who spoke to the Moscow FM radio station, said the explosion was enormous.

“I was sitting at work and the windows lit up and it was as if the whole city was illuminated, and I looked out and saw a huge streak in the sky and it was like that for two or three minutes and then I heard these noises, like claps,” he said. “And then all the dogs started barking.”

On impact, he said balconies shook and windows shattered. He said he did not believe it was a meteorite. “We are waiting for a second piece, that is what people are talking about now,” he said.

There were reports that falling objects were visible as far away as Yekaterinburg, 125 miles southeast of Chelyabinsk. A police official told Interfax that authorities had identified one meteorite’s point of impact, in a sparsely populated area around 50 miles outside the city of Satka.

Siberia stretches the length of Asia and there is a history of meteor and asteroid showers there. In 1908 a powerful explosion was reported near the Tunguska River in central Siberia, its impact so great that trees were flattened for 25 miles around. Generations of scientists have studied that event, analyzing particles that were driven into the earth’s surface as far away as the South Pole. A study published in the 1980s concluded the object weighed a million tons.

Viktor Klimenko contributed reporting.

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Woman Found Fatally Shot at Home of Pistorius

Emilio Morenatti/Associated Press

Oscar Pistorius, the South African Olympic and Paralympic track star, has been arrested after a woman was shot dead at his home.

JOHANNESBURG — South African police and media reports said on Thursday that Oscar Pistorius, a Paralympic gold medal sprinter nicknamed Blade Runner, was being questioned after his girlfriend was fatally shot at his home in Pretoria, possibly mistaken for an intruder. Police said a man had been arrested, but did not identify him by name.

Mr. Pistorius, 26, who races using carbon fiber prosthetic blades, won two gold medals and a silver at last year’s Paralympic Games in London. He was the first double amputee to also run in the Olympics, where reached the 400-meter semifinal and competed in the 4x400-meter relay.

He is one of South Africa’s best-known athletes.

“We found a 9-mm pistol at the scene. A 26-year-old man was taken into custody,” a police spokeswoman, Katlego Mogale, told Reuters without giving further detail.

Capt. Sarah Mcira, another police spokeswoman, said: “There is a woman who was shot by Oscar Pretorius.”

Johannesburg’s Talk Radio 702 said the victim was thought to have been struck in the head and arm in circumstances that have not been fully explained. But the radio said she may have been mistaken for a burglar.

In the Paralympics last September, Mr. Pistorius won individual gold, when he successfully defended his Paralympic 400 meter title. He had lost his 100- and 200-meter titles, but was part of the gold medal-winning 4x100 meter relay team. He same second in the 200 meter race.

After that contest, Mr. Pistorius damaged his reputation among his followers by criticizing the winner, Alan Oliveira of Brazil, raising questions about the length of the winner’s blades. Mr. Pistorius later apologized and praised the gold medalist in the 100 meter race, Jonnie Peacock of Britain. Mr. Pistorius, who was born without fibulas, had both legs amputated below the knee before his first birthday and he battled for many years to compete against able-bodied athletes. In 2008, he qualified for the Beijing Games but was ruled ineligible by track’s world governing body because his blades were deemed to give him a competitive advantage.

South African journalists said Mr. Pistorius lived in an upscale, walled complex near the South Africa capital of Pretoria and said his girlfriend was a fashion model. South Africa has a high crime rate. and elaborate security precautions, as well as personal weapons, are not uncommon.

A reporter outside the complex on Thursday said it was protected by high walls and razor wire.

Lydia Polgreen reported from Johannesburg, and Alan Cowell from Paris.

This article has been revised to reflect the following correction:

Correction: February 14, 2013

An earlier version of this article referred incorrectly in one reference to the sprinter at whose home a woman was fatally shot. He is Oscar Pistorius, not Pretorias.

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California Fugitive Is Believed to Have Died in Blaze

Alex Gallardo/Reuters

Police officers searched for Christopher J. Dorner on Tuesday at a checkpoint in Yucaipa, Calif.

BIG BEAR LAKE, Calif. — After a shootout and a forest standoff on Tuesday afternoon, Christopher J. Dorner, the former Los Angeles police officer sought in the region’s largest manhunt, was apparently killed in a cabin as it burned down around him, but officials said they needed time to sort through the rubble.

At 11 p.m., the San Bernardino County Sheriff’s Office released a statement, saying that “charred human remains” had been located inside the burned-out cabin. Though the remains were not identified as those of Mr. Dorner — “identification will be attempted through forensic means,” the statement said — there is little doubt they are his.

“We believe he was still inside the cabin” when it went up in flames, Cindy Bachman, a spokeswoman for the sheriff’s office, said earlier during a news conference in Angelus Oaks, six miles from the scene. Mr. Dorner, a self-described survivalist believed to be heavily armed, had holed up in the rental cabin hours earlier and engaged deputies in a shootout, killing one deputy and wounding a second.

The dramatic chain of events, which included hostage taking and a chase in vehicles and on foot, played out in the sun-dappled, snowy San Bernardino Mountains.

It was unclear how the fire at the cabin began, but the authorities said that no one escaped the blaze and that Mr. Dorner was believed to be alone inside.

Officers, shouting orders through loudspeakers for Mr. Dorner to surrender, heard what they believed to be a single gunshot from within.

News organization widely reported that Mr. Dorner’s body was found in the building, but a spokesman from the Los Angeles Police Department said on Tuesday evening that they did not have the body.

Even after officers retrieve the body, it could take days or weeks to identify it, officials said. Cindy Bachman, a spokeswoman for the San Bernardino County sheriff, said in an evening news conference, “We believe that he was still inside the cabin,” but that it was not safe to enter because of the heat.

Both the suspect and the police were believed to have used smoke grenades during the shootout. The two deputies who were shot were airlifted to Loma Linda University Medical Center; the second deputy’s condition was not disclosed on Tuesday evening, but he was expected to recover.

The standoff drew scores of police officers and sheriff’s deputies from surrounding jurisdictions, led by the San Bernardino Sheriff-Coroner Department. The tension heightened as the day wore on, and local schools were locked down.

Law enforcement agencies ordered news helicopters to keep their distance for the protection of the officers involved. The sheriff’s online feed to the department’s radio scanner was shut down for the same reason. Reporters were asked to stop posting updates on Twitter.

The police believed that Mr. Dorner was monitoring the news, and Cmdr. Andrew Smith, a spokesman for the Los Angeles Police Department, addressed him directly at a news briefing on Tuesday afternoon.

“Enough is enough,” Commander Smith said. “It’s time to stop the bloodshed and let this incident be over.”

Officers had been searching the Big Bear area since last week, when Mr. Dorner’s burning truck was found on a forest road. Mr. Dorner, a former reservist in the Navy, had boasted about his sharpshooting and survival abilities.

Days ago, Mr. Dorner apparently broke into a couple’s home on Club View Drive, the authorities said on Tuesday. The street is nestled beside a golf course in a community called Moonridge near Big Bear Lake. Mr. Dorner reportedly tied them up as his hostages and stayed out of sight until Tuesday afternoon.

Shortly after 12 p.m. Tuesday, the authorities received a report of a stolen white pickup truck and a description that fit Mr. Dorner’s. Soon after, he was spotted driving a white 2005 Dodge pickup by an officer with the California Department of Fish and Wildlife. The suspect was driving toward the officer in the opposite lane, said Andrew Hughan, a spokesman for the department. The officer recognized Mr. Dorner, stepped out of his vehicle and fired at the suspect, who returned fire. Neither was injured, Mr. Hughan said.

The officer and a colleague chased the man, who crashed the pickup, fired at them and ran into the cabin.

Ian Lovett reported from Big Bear Lake, Jennifer Medina from Los Angeles, Michael Wilson from New York, and Fernanda Santos from Angelus Oaks, Calif. Rebecca Fairley Raney contributed reporting from Big Bear Lake.

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DealBook: Barclays to Cut 3,700 Jobs in Restructuring Overhaul

LONDON – Barclays announced on Tuesday that it would cut 3,700 jobs and close several business units, as the British bank reported a loss in the fourth quarter of last year.

The major restructuring of Barclays’ operations follows a series of scandals at the bank, including the manipulation of key benchmark interest rates, which led to the resignation of the firm’s former chief executive, Robert E. Diamond Jr.

In a bid to reduce its exposure to risky trading activity, the bank, based in London, said it would reduce its work force by around 8 percent, or 1,800 jobs, in its investment banking division this year, though it already had cut 1,600 from this unit.

A further 1,900 will be cut from Barclays’ European retail and business banking unit. In total, the expected layoffs across the bank’s operations represent around 3 percent of the firm’s global headcount.

The cuts have been focused in areas where Barclays does not compete globally with other international banks, such as in some European and Asian equities markets, as well as in business units like tax planning that have been criticized for tarnishing the firm’s reputation.

“Barclays is changing,” the bank’s chief executive, Antony P. Jenkins, said in a statement. “We intend to change what Barclays does and how we do it.”

The British bank generated a net loss of £835 million, or $1.3 billion, in the last three months of 2012, compared to a profit of £356 million in the similar period in 2011. The quarterly earnings were hampered by additional provisions set aside to compensate costumers who were inappropriately sold insurance and for small businesses that were improperly sold complex interest-rate hedging products. Barclays also took a charge against the value of its own debt.

Without the adjustments, Barclays’ pretax profit for the fourth quarter was £1.1 billion, almost double the earnings in the similar period the previous year.

For 2012, the bank reported an annual net loss of £1 billion, compared to a £3 billion profit for the previous year. The yearly loss resulted from a series of provisions to cover legal costs related to the rate-rigging scandal and other improper activities.

As part of the restructuring plan, Mr. Jenkins, who previously ran the firm’s consumer banking business, said Barclays had conducted a review of 75 of its business units, based on their profitability and impact on the firm’s reputation.

The British bank, whose share price rose 1 percent in early morning trading in London, added that it would reduce annual costs by around 10 percent, to £16.8 billion, by 2015.

Despite widespread criticism of Barclays’ risky trading activity related to the Libor rate-rigging scandal, the bank will retain the lion’s share of its investment banking unit, particularly in Britain and the United States.

Barclays said that it had cut bonuses across its operations for 2012 by 16 percent compared to the previous year. In its investment banking division, total bonuses fell 20 percent with the average bonus in the unit standing at £54,100, a 17 percent reduction over the previous year, according to a company statement.

The British bank said it had cut compensation awards because of risks facing several business units, including the rate-rigging scandal.

In a settlement with U.S. and British authorities in June, Barclays agreed to pay a $450 million fine after some of its traders manipulated the London interbank offered rate, or Libor, for financial gain. Some of the firm’s managers also altered the rate to portray the British bank in a more healthier financial position than it actually was.

The investment banking division generated a pretax profit of £858 million in the fourth quarter of last year, compared to £267 million over the similar period in 2011. Pretax profit at Barclays’ retail and business banking unit over the period rose 17 percent, to £732 million, while its corporate banking division’s pretax income almost tripled, to £107 million.

Mr. Jenkins, who will outline Barclays’ restructuring plan to analysts early on Tuesday, is expected to acknowledge that some of the firm’s past actions had fallen short, and that the bank was trying to change its culture after widespread public anger caused by the wrongdoing.

“We get it,” the Barclays chief will say, according to excerpts of his speech released to the media. “The old ways weren’t the right way to behave nor did they deliver the right results – for banks themselves or for wider society.”

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